What Is The Link Between Air Pollution And Conjunctivitis? Experts Share Views

With the air quality dipping in several different parts of the country, it is increasingly getting more and more worrisome. But, should one really care about air pollution and its effects on the human body? Of course, one should! Air pollution has a far more intense impact on human health than one can even comprehend. From eye health to heart health and even skin, air pollution has an effect on all.

Talking of eye health and air pollution, it must be noted that conjunctivitis has a major link with air pollution. Dr Uma Malliah, Senior Consultant, Opthalmology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, says, “Air pollution is increasingly becoming recognized as a significant environmental risk factor that contributes to a variety of health problems, including conjunctivitis. The conjunctiva, a thin membrane that covers the front of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelids, is especially vulnerable to the harmful effects of air pollution.”

She further added, “Particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, and other airborne irritants can cause or worsen conjunctivitis, causing symptoms like redness, irritation, excessive tearing, and a gritty sensation in the eyes.”

When exposed to high AQI levels and air pollution, it is common to experience symptoms of nonspecific conjunctivitis, such as foreign body sensation, itching, light sensitivity, burning, redness, and the urge to rub the eyes.

Dr. Deepali Garg Mathur, Principal Consultant, Eye Care / Ophthalmology, Max Multi Speciality Centre, Panchsheel Park, talking about the itchiness and the willingness to keep rubbing our eyes, mentioned, “This rubbing can induce secondary bacterial conjunctivitis also because we can transmit infections through this red regular rubbing.”

“Common air contaminants that can cause conjunctivitis include sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter and high ozone levels. To add to this, the chronic dry eye milieu which is produced by high air pollution levels also contributes to the nonspecific conjunctivitis and allergy can also be induced by any of these particles. So patients who already have dryness and already are predisposed to allergies can have an escalation of this,” she added.

It is important to understand the complex link between air pollution and conjunctivitis, which highlights the need for preventive measures such as using protective eyewear and limiting outdoor activity during periods of high pollution. In addition, advocating for cleaner air regulations and sustainable environmental practices is crucial to reducing the detrimental effects of air pollution on both ocular health and overall well-being.