In 2023, electric mobility gained steam, but industry experts predict that 2024 will focus on laying the groundwork for India’s broader engagement with alternative fuels, particularly hydrogen.
Actions by the government and the automotive industry are gearing up to develop essential infrastructure and policy support in the coming year, as reported by Deccan Herald.
According to Kabir Bogra from Khaitan & Co., electric vehicles, once hailed as the ultimate solution, now face criticism for merely shifting emissions along the chain. Hydrogen emerges as a promising alternative, offering potential for both passenger and commercial vehicles to tackle emission and import concerns.
National Green Hydrogen Mission
The National Green Hydrogen Mission, launched by the Union Government in January, aims to develop a hydrogen production capacity of at least 5 MMT per annum, attracting investments of around Rs 8 trillion. Tata Motors and Ashok Leyland showcased heavy-duty trucks with hydrogen internal combustion engine (H2ICE) technology at the Auto Expo, signaling a shift in the automotive landscape.
Industry Initiatives & Market Projections
Omega Seiki Mobility plans to launch a hydrogen-fuel cell-powered three-wheeler by mid-2024, and the collaboration between Tata Motors and Indian Oil Corporation produced India’s first green hydrogen fuel cell electric bus. JCB also made its mark with the global debut of an H2ICE vehicle in Bengaluru.
According to projections by BlueWeave Consulting, India’s hydrogen fuel cell vehicle market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 27.66 percent, reaching $347.85 million by 2029 from $80.36 million in 2022.
Challenges
While estimates vary, experts anticipate 10,000-12,000 hydrogen-powered vehicles in India, mainly medium and heavy commercial vehicles, by 2030. Compared to China’s 48 percent and the USA’s 27 percent, India’s electrification of vehicles is projected to be only 10-12 percent by 2030.
Urban intra-city mobility will likely favor electric vehicles, while hybrids are expected to dominate intercity (long-haul) transportation. Mustafa Wajid, Chair of IET Future of Mobility and Transport Panel, suggests that green hydrogen-powered heavy vehicles could hit the roads within the next 12 months.
Ravi Chawla, MD, and CEO of Gulf Oil emphasizes the need for a robust supply chain, while government incentives like PLI could spur domestic electrolyte production, aiding cost reduction.
The road ahead involves overcoming challenges through technical innovations, supply chain setup, and government support to accelerate India’s transition towards hydrogen-led mobility.
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