Julia Gillard ousted as Australian PM after party coup

Canberra: Kevin Rudd returned as Australian prime minister on Wednesday, executing a stunning party room coup on Julia Gillard almost three years to the day after being ousted by his former deputy and less than three months out from a general election.

The reinstatement of Rudd was a last-ditch effort to shore up support by the governing Labor Party, which opinion polls show faces catastrophic defeat at a poll scheduled for September 14.

The Mandarin-speaking former diplomat draws strong popular support but has divided and destabilised his party after launching two failed leadership bids in the past 18 months.

Analysts said the leadership change could backfire.

"I don't think it will help Labor. I think they've dug themselves a deeper grave," said John Wanna, professor of politics at the Australian National University.

The return of Rudd could now see Australia go to an election in August in an effort to cash in on his greater popularity with voters and an expected honeymoon period with the electorate.

The leadership change followed a series of opinion polls showing Gillard's minority government could lose up to 35 seats, giving the conservative opposition a massive majority in the 150-member parliament.

ELECTION TIMING UNCLEAR

Rudd, who was prime minister from late 2007 until June 2010, gave no indication of whether he would call an early election, or test his support on the floor of Australia's hung parliament.

He also made no comment on when he would visit the governor-general, Australia's head of state, who will appoint him prime minister if she is confident Rudd can control a majority in parliament.

"In 2007, the Australian people elected me to be their prime minister. This is a task I resume today with humility, with honour, and with an important sense of energy and purpose," he told reporters, adding he wanted to rebuild trust with voters.

"In recent years, politics has failed the Australian people. There has just been too much negativity all round."

Gillard, Australia's first female prime minister, stuck to her promise to quit parliament if she lost the ballot.

"I am very proud of what this government has achieved which will endure for the long term," a gracious but business-like Gillard told reporters, congratulating Rudd on his victory.

Senior ministers including Treasurer and Deputy Prime Minister Wayne Swan, Education Minister Peter Garrett, Trade Minister Craig Emerson and Climate Minister Greg Combet announced their ministerial resignations in the wake of the coup. Transport Minister Anthony Albanese was named Rudd's deputy.

Gillard struggled to win public support despite economic growth, low unemployment and low interest rates at a time when other developed countries are struggling to keep out of recession.

Gillard has also pushed social reforms that pour money into schools and which help disabled people gain access to much-needed free care, but the changes have done little to shift her dwindling support in opinion polls.

Voters have also remained angry that her government, which holds a one-seat majority with support from the Greens and a clutch of independents, introduced a controversial carbon tax in a backflip from her 2010 election promise not to do so.

Two independent lawmakers and the Greens said they would continue to support a Rudd government in the hung parliament.

Nick Economou, from Melbourne's Monash University, said the only potential policy change would be on the carbon tax, and Rudd could move quickly to shift to a floating carbon price.

But the change won't help Labor survive the election.

"Australian voters don't like disunited parties, and these guys are nothing if not disunited," he said.

Financial markets were little moved by the ructions. The Australian dollar, which this week hit its lowest since Rudd was last in power on concerns about growth in China and a tapering of US bond purchases, recovered from early weakness to climb above 93 US cents.

Like Gillard, Rudd is a strong supporter of both Australia's military alliance with the United States and of growing ties with top trading partner China.

Opposition leader Tony Abbott, the favourite to win the coming elections, has promised to scrap the carbon tax and a 30 per cent tax on iron ore and coal mine profits if he wins power. Abbott has also promised tighter control of public spending, a speedier return to surplus budgets and stronger economic growth.