After the government's move to raise its market borrowing programme for the current financial year by Rs 4.2 lakh crore, a foreign brokerage on Monday estimated the fiscal deficit to come at 5.8 per cent of the GDP in FY21 as against the budget target of 3.5 per cent.
In a report, analysts at Bank of America also revised down their GDP growth estimate to 0.5 per cent for the current fiscal year, as against the earlier estimate of 1.5 per cent adding that they fear that the lockdown my extend beyond May.
It can be noted that due to the heavy dip in growth - it was supposed to hit a decadal low of 5 per cent in FY20 as per official estimates - the government is forced to spend extra to help restrict the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy.
Even though a wider fiscal deficit raises concerns on macroeconomic stability, many experts have backed the move to spend more.
"We now forecast the center's fiscal deficit at 5.8 per cent of GDP (from 4.8 per cent earlier) versus 3.5 per cent as budgeted for FY21, with growth likely to slip to 0.5 per cent (from 1.5 per cent) with the lockdown set to extend beyond May," the analysts pencilled.
The brokerage said the states will also have fiscal slippages ranging from 0.50 to 1 percentage point of their budgeted targets for the current financial year.
On likely routes of funding the fiscal deficit, it said the options before policymakers may include open market operations by the Reserve Bank with a new calendar being put out by Governor Shaktikanta Das to comfort markets, a direct monetisation where RBI can directly subscribe to government debt or incentivising banks to put their surplus in money markets, it said.
From a revenue generation perspective, it suggested a 5 per cent COVID-19 cess for those earning above Rs 5 lakh, which can yield the exchequer Rs 20,000 crore. Moreover, the higher taxes on oil will deliver Rs 1 lakh crore, it estimated.
It said Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman may soon announce a second round of fiscal stimulus which may cost 0.75 per cent of the GDP, as against the first one of Rs 1.70 lakh crore which was 0.35 per cent of the GDP.
The focus of the new package will be on small businesses, real estate and the banking sector, it said, adding that this is after assuming a slip in growth to 0.5 per cent, the brokerage said.
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